ABSTRACT
Commonly used dosage forms of fermented Cordyceps powder products are capsules and tablets. The hygroscopicity of the powder,as one of the important parameters in the tableting process,has important effects on the tabletting process of the tablets. How to improve the hygroscopicity of powder is of great significance for the development of new composite particles. Therefore,particle design technology was used in this study to prepare composite particle powder,and its hygroscopicity was compared with fermented Cordyceps powder and physically mixed powder. By preparing three different types of powders,the equilibrium moisture absorption,particle size,scanning electron micrograph,angle of repose,contact angle and compression degree were compared to observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine particle design technology on improving the hygroscopicity of the fermented Cordyceps powder. The results showed that the equilibrium moisture absorption was 21. 2%,19. 6%,14. 5% respectively for the fermented Cordyceps powder,physically mixed powder and composite particle powder; the median diameter was(49. 751± 0. 280),(59. 183± 0. 170),(12. 842±0. 080) μm,respectively; the mode diameter was(185. 479±1. 372),(173. 964± 1. 104),(61. 671± 0. 979) μm,respectively. In the scanning electron micrograph of the composite particle powder,it can be clearly seen that the fermented Cordyceps powder had hydrophobic gas phase nano-silica with a fixed shape and uniform size. The angle of repose was(50. 63 ± 0. 75) °,(49. 25 ± 0. 43) °,(48. 33±0. 84) ° respectively; the contact angle was(7. 4±0. 2) °,(8. 2±0. 3) °,(15. 0±2. 6) ° respectively; and the compression degree was(38. 2±1. 3) %,(35. 8±0. 2) %,(32. 5±2. 6) % respectively. This study showed that after treatment by the vibrating ultrafine pulverizer,the fermented Cordyceps powder particles had obvious and uniform small particle hydrophobic gas phase nano-silica adhered to form a partially wrapped coating structure,which reduced the contact surface of fermented Cordyceps powder with the outside world,thereby reducing the hygroscopicity of the composite particle powder. It further demonstrated that the hygroscopicity of fermented Cordyceps powder can be improved by particle design.
Subject(s)
Cordyceps , Fermentation , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Particle Size , Powders , WettabilityABSTRACT
Objective To compare the micromeritics properties and external dissolution rates of Sanhuang Powder in different particle sizes;To provide references for its direct use and application as raw materials for TCM preparation.Methods Particle size, bulk density, tap density, angle of repose, and hygroscopicity ofSanhuang micro-powder and common powder were investigated and evaluated. External dissolution rates ofSanhuang micro-powder and common powder were detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Results The flowability of bothSanhuang micro-powder and common powder were not very well. With the sizes decreasing, the hygroscopicity of micro-powder became stronger. The external dissolution ofSanhuang micro-powder was more sufficient and much more quickly than common powder.Conclusion Properties ofSanhuang micro-powder and common powder are obviously different.Sanhuang micro-powder has stronger hygroscopicity and worse flowability compared with common powder. However, external dissolution ofSanhuang micro-powder is more sufficient and much more quickly than common powder. WhenSanhuang micro-powder is used directly and used as raw materials for TCM preparation, much more discretion should be considered.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the micromeritic properties of Parteck® ODT to provide preliminary theoretical basis for the direct compression technology of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs).
ABSTRACT
Objective To optimize the forming process of Wuzibushen Capsules. Methods Category and ratio of accessories were investigated by taking moisture absorption percentage as index. The inspected angle of repose, bulk density and critical relative humidity were also investigated. Results Starch was used as the excipien. Remedium cardinale and starch in the ratio of 1.15∶1.25 was more appropriate, 60% alcohol was added, dried at 60 ℃. Granules had a good fluidity, critical relative humidity was about 62%. Conclusion The forming technology was reasonable and provide reliable basis for production.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study influence of humidity on granule flowability, explore relationship between flowability and quality of guaifenesin sustained tablet, give a basis for industrialization. METHODS: By hygroscopicity study, CRH was measured. After 10 days in RH 33%, 60%, 75%, 84%, 92.5%, flowability of granule and quality index of tablet, such as appearance, extremum of weighty friability was measured and compared with result of 0 d. Functional relationship between micromeritics parameter and quality index of tablet was fitted. RESULTS: CRH of granule is between RH 67%-68%. When relative humidity is above RH 60%, flow-ability and quality of tablet is changed obviously. Used compressbiliity as X1, repose angle as X2, extremum of tablet weight as Y1, friability as Y2, linear relationship of them is Y1 = 0.192X1+ 0.092X2- 7.398 (r = 0.9921), Y2= 0.069X1 + 0.087X2 - 3.505 (r = 0.9881), when P < 0.001, the equations had statistical significance in the range of observation. CONCLUSION: Relative humidity of production and storage of granule should less than RH 60%. Functional relationship between micromeritics parameter of granule (compressbiliity and repose angle) and quality index of tablet (extremum of weighty friability) had statistical significance in the range of observation. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the micromeritics of common powder and superfine powder of Chuan-xiong Rhizoma. Methods: Particle size and particle size distribution were detected by laser particle analyzer; Microscopic characteristics of the two sorts of powder of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were surveyed by biological microscope; The angle of repose and the bulk density were measured; The moisture absorption of common powder and superfine powder were determined on condition of 25°C and relative humidity of 75%. Results: D50 of common powder and superfine powder were 14.58 and 58.54 μm, and the superfine powder was more uniformly distributed. There were many differences between superfine powder and common powder in microscopic characteristics, including greatly smaller oil droplets in superfine powder. There was no significant change in flow ability, bulk density, and moisture absorption. Conclusion After being superfinely comminuted, the powder of Chuanxiong Rhizoma is more uniformly distributed with greatly increased broken cell wall. The oil droplets are much smaller in surperfine powder, which provides a preliminary basis for "emulsification structure". There is no significant change in flow ability, bulk density, and moisture absorption because of rich volatile oil in Chuanxiong Rhizoma.
ABSTRACT
O processo de granulação úmida ainda encontra larga aplicabilidade junto à moderna indústria farmacêutica para a produção de comprimidos, pois elimina alguns dos principais problemas atribuídos à compressão direta: a tendência de segregação e as baixas propriedades de fluxo dos pós durante o processo. O presente trabalho avalia e compara através de estudos micromeríticos e análise estatística as características de fluxo de granulados destinados ao desenvolvimento de comprimidos de hidroclorotiazida 50 mg. Foram testados três aglutinantes (pasta de amido e as dispersões aquosas, preparadas a frio, de amido pré-gelatinizado e povidone). Avaliou-se ainda a compatibilidade entre o fármaco e os excipientes empregados, através de estudos termoanalíticos (DSC), e a influência da adição extragranular do superdesintegrante crospovidone nos valores de eficiência de dissolução ( por centoED) dos comprimidos obtidos. Os granulados obtidos apresentaram propriedades de fluxo e compressibilidade boas a excelentes, caracterizadas por: valores de índice de compressibilidade situados entre 5 e 15; proporções de Hausner inferiores a 1,25 e ângulos de repouso entre 30 e 35º. A adição de crospovidone não incrementou os valores de por centoED das formulações desenvolvidas, nas condições experimentais empregadas, ainda que tenha reduzido, de forma pouco significativa, os tempos de desintegração das formulações.
The wet granulation process still finds large applicability close to the modern pharmaceutical industry for the production of tablets, because it eliminates some of the main attributed problems of the direct compression: the segregation tendency and the low flow properties of the powders during the process. The present work evaluates and it compares through micromeritical studies and statistical analysis the flow characteristics of granulates destined to the development of tablets of hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg. Three binders were tested (paste of starch and the aqueous dispersions, prepared to cold, of pregelatinized starch and povidone). It was still evaluated the compatibility between the drug and the employed excipients, through termoanalytical studies (DSC), and the influence of the extra granular addition of the "superdisintegrant" crospovidone in the values of dissolution efficiency ( percentDE) of the obtained tablets. The obtained granulates presented good flow and compressibility properties, characterized by: values of compressibility index between 5 and 15; Hausner ratio less than 1,25 and angle of repose between 30 and 35º. The crospovidone addition did not increase the values of percentED of the developed formulations, in the experimental conditions employed, although it has reduced, in way a low significance, the disintegration times of the formulations.
Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents , Hydrochlorothiazide , Biopharmaceutics , Pharmaceutic Aids , TabletsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To prepare oxymatrine pellets and study the pellets' properties.METHODS:Oxymatrine pellets were prepared using an experimental low-temperature extrusion-spheronization granulator.L9(34)orthogonal design was used to obtain optimal formulation.The micromeritic properties and in vitro dissolution of the pellets at different dosage were determined.RESULTS:Oxymatrine pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization were round and smooth and well-distributed.The optimal technical conditions were as follows:water∶MCC=0.90∶1;spheronization velocity=35 Hz;spheroniza-tion time=5 min;extrusion velocity=40 Hz.The in vitro dissolution was more than 75% within 30 minutes.CONCLUSION:The process of preparing pellets by extrusion-spheronization was simple and feasible and the quality of pellets was excellent.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To improve the physical properties of micromeritics of the extracts of Fengshilin capsule, such as anti moisture. Methods: Critical relative humidity, absoption curve of moisture, angle of repose were used as the norms of the research. The suitable excipients and formulation process of Fengshilin capsule have been sieved. Results: It was feasible that the combined excipients of microcystalline cellulose and starch (in a ratio of 1∶1) were mixed with the extract powder. The absorption of moiture of the extract powder was improved. The humidity of mass production and store was lower than 45%. Conclusion: The research has been found to be an effective in the process of Fengshilin capsule.